SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION AND FOUNDATION VIBRATIONS BY : AHMAD HALLAK, M.Sc, P.Eng29/02/2012 1 2. • Considerations of the soil-structure • Framework of Development • Soil-structure Modeling • Validation of Model • Application to the NMSZ • Summary & Conclusions SPSI - 4 Objectives • Obtain ground motions at ground surface in time domain modeling • Develop soil-pile interface elements and springs to model soil behavior. Soil structure 1. Of the three size classes of mineral particles comprising soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), only silt contributes significantly to soil fertility. Particles in sandy and silty soils are If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. A. Single Grained Soil Structure2. In arid region, there is very little aggregation of primary particles. d. All of the above. The cohesion with in these aggregates is greater than adhesion. Soil structure is the arrangement of the soil particles into aggregates of various sizes and shapes. 1. The flexibility of the soil foundationThe base mat acceleration and the inertia of the structure can be used to estimate the value … Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. “The arrangement and organization of primary and secondary particles in a soil mass is In aggregate formation, a number of primary particles such as sand, silt and clay present as single individual grains while in clayey soil they are present in granulated Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. SOIL TEXTURE The look and the feel of a soil is referred as soil texture which is determined by the relative proportion of mineral particles of different sizes present in the soil. Significance of soil structure Maintaining favourable soil structure for reducing crusting Re-shaping the slope to reduce its steepness and slope length so as to minimize runoff flows Maintenance or improvement of soil fertility, and Removal of unwanted excessive runoff safely. a structure that holds seeds. This is Part 1 of Introduction to Soil Science. Factors Affecting Soil Structure: The development of structure in arable soil depends on the following factors: 1. considered to be stronger than the structural units themselves. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. Blocky Soil Structure • Angular or Sub-Angular • Common to subsoil horizons • Held together by coatings of translocation materials, such as clays • Structure often maintained by root channels between peds . Honeycomb Soil Structure3. structure. Soil Structure Size. . Soil Structure, Density, and Porosity Laboratory #4 Objectives. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. sand ,silt and clay – usually grouped together in the form of aggregates. But deeper understanding of soil structure demands consideration of mineralogical composition, shape and orientation of soil particles; the nature and properties of soil water, and the forces of interaction between soil particles and soil … Soil structure describes the arrangement of the solid parts of the soil and of the pore space located between them. The primary soil particles i.e. Find PowerPoint Presentations and Slides using the power of XPowerPoint.com, find free presentations research about Soil Structure Management PPT Since the subgrade stiffness is the only parameter in the Winkler model to … »More detailed. Clods, on the other hand, are aggregates that are broken into shape by artificial actions such as tillage. group of Climate: Climate has considerable influence on the degree of aggregation as well as 011 the type of structure. Soil structure has considerable influence on soil: a. Porosity. soil structure and its use in soil survey. Pollination-the process that takes place when pollen moves from the male part of a flower to the female part of a flower.  Other soil properties like water movement, heat transfer, aeration, and porosity are True. AGENDA 12:00 – 12:05 Safety Moment 12:05 – 12:50 Presentation 12:50 – 1:00 Questions and Answers29/02/2012 2 3. Aggregates that occur naturally in the soil are referred to as peds, while clumps of soil caused by tillage are called clods. This video is great for someone interested in Soils, Agriculture, or Gardening.  The important physical changes imposed by the farmer in ploughing, cultivating, The structure of soil is formed by the geometrical arrangement of soil particles with respect to each other. Soil Texture and Soil Structure.ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. b. Permeability. Soil structure denotes the arrangement of soil particles into groupings such as peds or aggregates, which often form distinctive shapes typically found within certain soil horizons. Introduction to Soil Structure Interaction. Soil are composed of sand ,slit and clay particles. Natural aggregates that can be clearly seen in the field are called peds. If we improve the structure of the soil then oxygen will be able to enter the soil. are brought together by the cementing or binding effect of soil colloids. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Now, this case is considered even if the interaction force impacts the foundation.The influence on the soil motion by the interaction forces will depend upon: 1. Every engineering structure, whether it is a building, bridge, highway pavement … The function of the foundation is to transmit the load from the superstructure to the …. Structure; the arrangement of soil particles “What you can change” Soil physical problems are either inherent (texture) or created (change in structure) Soil texture classified based on ratios of sand, silt and clay Source: UWSP, Geology Dept. Scribd is … b. 3.1 CLAY MINERALOGY Clay mineralogy is the science dealing with the structure of clay minerals on microscopic, molecular, and atomic scale. Rain, especially if it results in a violent dilution of cations, which promotes flocculation of the colloids. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Plant roots and LECTURE 21 and 22. less, while those possess majority of secondary particles are said to be aggregate, Dispersed Soil Structure5. B. You can change your ad preferences anytime. Pollen-a powder made by the male part of a flower or male cone. 7.1 Description of soil structure . Soil structure is determined by how individual soil granules clump or bind together and aggregate. Soil structure is the arrangement of the soil particles into aggregates of various sizes and shapes. e. None of the above. Understand the concept of soil structure and how it differs from soil texture. These groupings create various sizes of voids and solids in the soil horizons. Most fungi are so small they cannot be seen without a microscope. View and Download PowerPoint Presentations on Soil Structure Management PPT. The term soil structure in general, refers to the arrangement or state of aggregation of particles in a soil mass. Soil improvement is based upon 2 main ideas, 1) improving the structure of the soil so its water retention properties and oxygen content are improved and 2) improving the nutrient content of the soil so the plants have access to the nutrients they require for strong growth. Life Cycle- all of the stages in an organism’s life. Visco-Plastic model 2/14/2014 9 Soil Structure Interaction Soil Constitutive Relation Modeling A short overview of the Soil Hardening model Features of the model : The Hardening Soil model (HS-Standard) was designed by [2], [3] in order to reproduce basic macroscopic phenomena exhibited by soils such as: 1. Page 1 Soil-Structure Interaction Effects on Seismically Isolated Nuclear Power Plants Vasileios A. Drosos1, Aff.M.ASCE and Nicholas Sitar2, M.ASCE 1Assistant Project Scientist, PEER, University of California, Berkeley 2Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley ABSTRACT: Seismic isolation systems have been extensively used in a number of Mechanism of Aggregate Formation A clump of soil … Three critical aspects of SSI 2. Soil texture 1. Construction Methods & Management CIEG 486-010. Soil structure is a crucial soil property that affects several processes important to soils productive capacity, environmental quality, and agricultural sustainability. In some soils, different kinds of aggregates may be found together and they are then described separately. they possess a porous or spongy character. Bioretention soils are often sand based, primarily to ensure adequate infiltration rates. Formation of soil structure  Microbial activities also depend upon the supply of water and air in the soil. View 9.SOIL STRUCTURE & FABRIC.pptx from CIVIL ENGI 3 at Delhi Technological University. The bonding of the soil particles into structural unit is called as the genesis of soil The arrangement of the soil particles into aggregates of various sizes and shapes is soil structure. together in the form of aggregates. Factors influencing soil structure - Stability. inherent property of soil and cannot be modified within short period of time. Soil structure influences the growth and activity of organisms living in soil. Soils, which predominate with single grains are said to be structure- Soil structure and SOC are interrelated. In some soils, different kinds of aggregates may be found together and they are then described separately. Seed-a structure that can grow into a new plant. A structure, when analyzed by considering its foundation to be rigid, is said to have no soil-structure interaction effects. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Decline in soil structure can set-in-motion the onset of degradative rocesses e.g., compaction, accelerated erosion, water and salt im- Ealance, and soil fertility depletion. granulated or crumb structure. Learn how soil structure affects other soil properties and why it is important to maintain soil structure. III. The arrangement of soil particles and their aggregate into certain defined patterns is called soil structure. It also includes the study of the mineralogical composition and electrical properties of the clay particles. Several factors influence soil structure, including soil texture, soil moisture, organic matter content, compaction, the activity of soil organisms, and management practices. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. The cohesion with in these aggregates is greater than adhesion. Soil Structure Sand, silt, clay, and organic-matter particles in a soil combine with one another to form larger particles of various shapes and sizes. Soil structure is most usefully described in terms of grade (degree of aggregation), class (average size) and type of aggregates (form). A mushroom is only the above-ground portion of the fruiting structure of one type of fungus. Genesis - Soil Structure Sand, silt, clay, and organic matter particles in a soil combine with one another to form larger particles of various shapes and sizes and are often referred to as aggregates, or clus-ters. Overview. known as soil structure”. In return, microbes, fauna, and plants affect structure. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. 25 Soil Structure Size (Granular and Blocky) Image SourceNRCS, Ver. These larger particles, or clusters, are often referred to as aggregates. You can change your ad preferences anytime. The individual particles are usually solid, while the aggregates are not solid but Sand particles are primarily composed of: No public clipboards found for this slide, Student at Stamford University Bangladesh. In soil fertility, coarser soils generally have a lesser ability to hold and retain nutrients than finer soils. SOIL TEXTURE 2. Soil structure is the arrangement of the soil particles into clusters or aggregates of various sizes and shapes.  Structure can be modified by cultivation and tillage operations while texture is an Contents:Types of Soil Structures1. is known as soil structure”.  Soil structure controls the amount of water and air present in soil. Significance of soil structure Other soil properties like water movement, heat transfer, aeration, and porosity are influenced by structure. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Soil structure has generally been defined in the former way and measured in terms of aggregate characteristics. Soil structure is the description of how individual soil particles (sand, silt, and clay) are arranged into soil aggregates (also called peds) and reflects both physical and chemical weathering. 2.0, 2002 26 Soil Structure Size (Platy and Prismatic) Image SourceNRCS, Ver. The following paragraphs will briefly explain the various terms which are most commonly used to describe soil structure. Aggregates that occur naturally in the soil are referred to as peds, while clumps of soil caused by tillage are called clods. Presentation Overview • Role of numerical simulations • Static (kinematic) behavior – Layered soils – Pile groups • Dynamic behavior – Application of seismic loads (motions) – Site response analysis – From large scale geophysical simulations to large scale soil– structure … Soil texture and soil structure are both unique properties of the soil that will have a profound effect on the behavior of soils, such as water holding capacity, nutrient retention and supply, drainage, and nutrient leaching.. Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993 Photo Courtesy John Kelley, NRCS . The primary soil particles i.e. influenced by structure. Photo Courtesy John Kelley, NRCS . grained soil, soil structure for clay, quick clay, clay versus sand. Soil is a mixture of tiny particles of rock, dead plants and animals, air and water.Different soils have different properties depending on their composition. These granules or a decrease of voids volume in soil due to plastic deformations. germinating seeds require sufficient air and oxygen for respiration. Soil Texture and Soil Structure.ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. draining, liming, and manuring his land are structural. SAC 101 Fundamentals of Soil Science (2 + 1) Different soils contain different structures and each structure gives us the properties of particular soil. compound particle. 1. Soil structure is not a stable parameter; it may vary depending on weather conditions, management, soil processes, etc. Natural aggregates called Ped. Clay and silt content is often limited to a maximum of only 3 to 5 percent, which is very, very low, limiting soils to sands according to the soil textural triangle. Aeration, and to show you more relevant ads we improve the structure of one type of in! 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